Lower limb fractures are a common traumatic disease in orthopedics. Clinically, surgical treatment is the main approach for such patients. The anesthesia management during the perioperative period plays a crucial role in the overall surgical outcome and the postoperative recovery of patients. Traditional anesthesia methods and intraoperative monitoring mainly rely on the clinical experience of anesthesiologists, which is somewhat subjective. With the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, its application in the field of anesthesia is becoming increasingly widespread. This article reviews the research progress of AI technology in anesthesia management for patients with lower limb fractures and discusses the current challenges, as well as the prospects for future development.