Objective To analyze the effect of desogestrel-ethinyl estradiol tablets in reducing the recurrence of lesions after hysteroscopic removal of endometrial polyps (EP). Methods A total of 112 patients with EP who were scheduled to undergo hysteroscopic surgery in Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xin’an County in Luoyang City from January 2020 to January 2025 were selected. They were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method, with 56 cases in each group. The control group only underwent hysteroscopic surgery, and the observation group was treated with desogestrel ethinylestradiol tablets after hysteroscopic surgery. The postoperative recurrence rate, endometrial thickness, endometrial blood flow parameters, hormones level, and incidence of adverse drug reactions were recorded and compared between the two groups. Results Six months after surgery, the thickness of the endometrium in the observation group was smaller than that in the control group (P＜0.05), and the resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) of the endometrium were higher than those in the control group (all P＜0.05). The level of estradiol was lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05), while the level of progesterone was higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05). During the 12-month follow-up period after surgery, the observation group had a lower recurrence rate (P＜0.05). The total incidence of drug-related adverse reactions in the observation group was 14.29% (8/56), all of which were mild and tolerable events, and there were no cases of drug discontinuation due to adverse reactions. Conclusion Deoxygestrel-ethinyl estradiol tablets can effectively reduce the postoperative recurrence rate of patients with EP, inhibit endometrial hyperplasia, improve endometrial blood flow, regulate hormone levels, and are safe to use.