Objective To compare the application effects of root separation suture and bipolar electrocoagulation in patients with chronic tonsillitis undergoing tonsillectomy. Methods A total of 85 patients with chronic tonsillitis who were scheduled to undergo tonsillectomy in the 989th Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force from January 2021 to December 2025 were included. According to the random number table method, they were divided into a separation suture group and a bipolar electrocoagulation group. The bipolar electrocoagulation group received bipolar electrocoagulation treatment (n＝43), with 2 cases lost to follow-up and 1 case disobeying nursing arrangements after surgery. Finally, 40 cases were included. The root separation suture group was treated with root separation suture (n＝42), and 2 cases were lost to follow-up after surgery. Finally, 40 cases were included. The surgical outcomes, inflammatory factor level (interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP) ), pain, postoperative complications and swallowing function of the two groups were evaluated. Results The intraoperative bleeding volume of patients in the separation suture group was significantly less than that in the bipolar electrocoagulation group (P<0.05), and the false model detachment time was significantly shorter than that in the bipolar electrocoagulation group (P<0.05). There was no statistical significant difference in surgical time between the groups (P>0.05). The visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at all postoperative time points were significantly lower than those in the bipolar electrocoagulation group (all P<0.05). The levels of IL-6, TNF- α, and CRP in both groups of patients after surgery were significantly higher than those before surgery in this group (all P<0.05), but the levels of various inflammatory factors in the separation suture group were significantly lower than those in the bipolar electrocoagulation group after surgery (all P<0.05). The mean swallowing function ratings of patients in the separation suture group were significantly lower than those in the bipolar electrocoagulation group at 7 days, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery (all P<0.05). Conclusion In chronic tonsillitis tonsillectomy, root separation suture and bipolar electrocoagulation have similar surgical time, but the former has less intraoperative bleeding, faster shedding of pseudomembrane, less inflammatory stimulation, postoperative pain, and better swallowing function recovery, making it more advantageous for overall application.