Objective To analyze the therapeutic effect of conbercept ophthalmic injection combined with fundus laser on macular edema in type 2 diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its influence on visual function and retinal thickness in macular area. Methods A total of 90 patients with type 2 DR with macular oedema in Yichuan County People’s Hospital from April 2023 to September 2025 were selected retrospectively as the research object. After excluding 8 subjects based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 82 subjects were ultimately enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into control group (39 cases) and combined group (43 cases) based on different treatment methods. The control group underwent fundus laser photocoagulation combined with conventional therapy, while the combined group received fundus laser photocoagulation combined with conbercept ophthalmic injection. The therapeutic outcomes was conducted between the two groups. Results After 3 months, the Chinese-low vision quality of life (CLVQOL) for low vision patients and the score of the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the combined group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P＜0.05), and the time of macular edema dissipation, hemorrhage absorption and exudation absorption were significantly shorter than those in the control group (all P＜0.05), and the retinal thickness in macular area was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). The total effective rate of the combined group was significantly higher than that of the control group (93.02% vs. 74.36%, P＜0.05). Conclusion Conbercept ophthalmic injection combined with fundus laser photocoagulation can successfully mitigate macular oedema, enhance visual ability and boosts quality of life in patients with type 2 DR and macular oedema, thereby demonstrating definitive therapeutic efficacy.