Objective To investigate the preventive value of the“ nutrition-exercise-psychology” multi-dimensional combined intervention for adverse events during hospitalization of high-risk patients in the cardiology department. Methods A total of 90 high-risk patients hospitalized in the Cardiology Department in Beijing Shunyi District Hospital from January 2023 to December 2024 were enrolled and divided into control group and combined nursing group according to nursing strategies, with 45 patients in each group. The control group received routine nursing care, while the combined nursing group received a multi-dimensional intervention integrating nutritional support, graded exercise guidance, and psychological care. The incidence of in-hospital adverse events was compared between the two groups. Activities of daily living were assessed using the Barthel index (BI), psychological status was evaluated using the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). Results The total incidence of in-hospital adverse events in the combined nursing group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). After the nursing intervention, the BI scores and the changes in scores of the combined nursing group were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P＜0.05). The scores of the hospital anxiety and depression scale - anxiety (HADS-A) and hospital anxiety and depression scale - depression (HADS-D) for the combined nursing group before discharge, as well as the changes in these scores, were significantly lower than those of the control group (all P＜0.05). Conclusion The multi-dimensional combined intervention model of“ nutrition-exercise-psychology” can effectively reduce the risk of adverse events during hospitalization for high-risk patients in the cardiology department, improve their functional and psychological conditions, and has good clinical application value.