With the increasing frequency of public health events in recent years,the market demand for emergency transport ventilators has soared which leads to the emergence of new manufacturers and brands. How to select a proper emergency and transport ventilator according to the clinical conditions of patients and adjust correctly ventilation modes and settings are becoming the focus of attention of first aid staff. Therfore, we briefly introduced the classification of emergency and transport ventilators and the basic principles of the air circuit, and then made a detailed comparison of the key technical specifications of the current emergency and transport ventilators popular in domestic and overseas markets. Finally, we summarized several advanced ventilation modes on emergency and transport ventilators, aiming to make a useful reference for the selection, purchase and clinical use of the emergency and transport ventilators.